A federal judge has indefinitely blocked the Trump administration from carrying out planned layoffs of federal employees during the ongoing government shutdown, delivering another major setback to the administration’s approach to the crisis.
The ruling, issued late Thursday by U.S. District Judge Susan Illston in California, stops the administration from executing or issuing new “reduction in force” notices — effectively freezing the layoff process while the shutdown continues. The decision came in response to lawsuits from federal employee unions arguing that the White House was using the shutdown to sidestep labor protections and reorganize agencies without congressional approval.
Judge Illston first intervened on October 15, issuing a temporary order to halt the administration’s planned layoffs while the court reviewed the case. Nearly two weeks later, on October 28, she expanded that order into a preliminary injunction, indefinitely barring the White House from carrying out permanent terminations or issuing new layoff notices while the broader lawsuit moves forward. The back-to-back rulings ensure that no federal employee can be fired under the administration’s shutdown plan until the courts make a final determination.
Judge Illston said the government could not treat a lapse in funding as permission to rewrite the law. In her words, the administration had acted as if “the laws don’t apply anymore” and that it could reshape the government at will — a view she firmly rejected.
A Major Restraint on Executive Power
The injunction applies across key federal departments and agencies that were preparing to furlough or lay off employees amid the funding freeze. It also halts layoffs already in progress, preventing what could have been one of the largest coordinated reductions in the federal workforce in decades.
The decision reinforces a simple principle: even in a shutdown, the executive branch must follow established laws and due-process protections for government workers.
Union Challenge Sparks Broader Legal Showdown
Labor unions had already taken the administration to court before the shutdown began, warning that its plan to replace temporary furloughs with permanent terminations was both unprecedented and illegal. Under standard practice, furloughed employees are later reinstated with back pay once federal funding resumes. But the administration’s proposal sought to eliminate that safety net entirely — a move unions argued would amount to mass firing without due process.
Attorneys representing federal workers said the effort was designed to bypass Congress and reshape the civil service through the back door. By preemptively suing, they positioned Friday’s ruling as part of a larger fight over worker protections, executive overreach, and the future of the federal workforce itself.
Relief for Thousands of Workers
For tens of thousands of federal employees facing uncertainty, the ruling offers a temporary reprieve. Many workers have now gone more than a month without pay, while agencies have struggled to maintain basic operations.
By barring the layoffs, the court has given agencies time — and Congress additional pressure — to resolve the funding stalemate. “This restores a sense of order in a time of chaos,” said one federal workers’ representative following the ruling.
The Takeaway
The injunction is the latest in a growing series of legal challenges constraining the Trump administration’s shutdown strategy. Coming just hours after federal courts ordered the continuation of SNAP food benefits, it highlights a deepening pattern of judicial intervention as the shutdown drags into its 31st day.
While the order prevents mass terminations for now, it does not solve the broader problem. Without a budget deal, the government remains paralyzed — and workers remain in limbo, waiting for Washington to act.
