The Republican-controlled U.S. House has approved legislation that would impose new proof-of-citizenship requirements for voters ahead of the November 2026 midterm elections, advancing one of the party’s top election policy priorities.
The bill would require individuals registering to vote in federal elections to provide documentary evidence of U.S. citizenship, such as a passport or birth certificate. It would also tighten identification standards for both in-person and mail-in voting. Supporters describe the measure as a safeguard intended to strengthen election integrity and reinforce public trust in the voting system.
Democrats and voting rights advocates strongly oppose the proposal, arguing that documented instances of non-citizen voting are exceedingly rare and that additional paperwork requirements could create barriers for eligible voters. Critics warn the changes may disproportionately affect Americans who lack easy access to formal documents, including some older voters and individuals whose legal names have changed.
The measure passed largely along party lines and now heads to the Senate, where its future remains uncertain. Even with Republican support, the legislation would likely face procedural hurdles requiring bipartisan cooperation to advance.
The vote highlights the deepening national divide over election law as lawmakers prepare for what is expected to be a highly competitive 2026 midterm cycle.
